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Espy Bog
The Espy Bog (also known as the Espy Wetlands) is wetland complex in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is situated near Bloomsburg and Espy. The wetlands contain a lake, as well as forested swamps, shrub swamps, and graminoid openings. The lake in the wetland complex may be manmade. The predominant soil in the area is known as mucky peat. The wetland complex has a high level of plant and animal biodiversity, including birds, turtles, fish, trees, shrubs, and ferns.
==Geography and geology==
The Espy Bog contains a swamp and an open water lake.〔〔 Forested swamps, shrub swamps, and graminoid openings occur to the west of the lake.〔 The wetland complex is situated near Bloomsburg and Espy and is located to the south of US Route 11.〔 Most of the wetland complex is in Scott Township, but its westernmost edge is in Bloomsburg.〔 It is also close to the Susquehanna River. The area is surrounded by residential and commercial development.〔 Kinney Run passes through the wetland complex.
A soil known as mucky peat occurs in the vicinity of the Espy Bog. This is the only site in Columbia County where organic soils have been observed. Mucky peat is formed from plant matter such as sedges, mosses, and leaves that are laid down in permanent bodies of water. The top of a typical mucky peat soil consists of black, silty peat that is highly fertile, but too wet to till. Below this layer is a subsurface layer lies a wet, silty muck that is dark gray in color. Underlying this layer is a brownish-gray sandy silt loam. Mucky peat soils typically range from to several feet in thickness.〔
Runoff from US Route 11 forms a source of non-point source pollution in the Easy Bog. Significant hydrological alterations such as dam construction or draining could negatively impact the habitat quality of the site.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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